Supreme Court Takes Up Major Battles Over Gun Rights, Religious Liberty, and State Power

October 7, 2026

By Elaine Mallon | Fox News

Justices will decide how far states can go in restricting guns, requiring citizenship proof and suing oil companies

The Supreme Court opens its new term Monday with cases that could reshape religious liberty, gun rights, immigration and the balance between state and federal authority.

While the last term was dominated by major cases testing presidential power — including Trump’s authority to restrict birthright citizenship, impose tariffs and fire independent agency officials — many of the court’s marquee cases this term span a wide range of issues, including federalism and individual rights.

“There’s a couple of religious freedom cases,” Carrie Severino, president of JCN, told Fox News Digital. “We have a couple cases that touch on state and federal preemption, but I’m not sure there’s an easy theme for all of them.”

The blockbuster case this term is Suncor Energy v. Boulder County, and it centers on whether Colorado officials can use state tort law to seek damages from oil giants Suncor and ExxonMobil for climate-related harms, or whether federal law blocks those claims.

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